Red Hat CloudForms 2 Management Engine (CFME) allows remote attackers to conduct session tampering attacks by leveraging use of a static secret_token.rb secret.
Authenticating a user, or otherwise establishing a new user session, without invalidating any existing session identifier gives an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions.
Name | Vendor | Start Version | End Version |
---|---|---|---|
Cloudforms_management_engine | Redhat | 2.0 (including) | 2.0 (including) |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | cfme-0:5.2.0.37-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | cfme-vnc-plugin-0:1.0.0-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | libdnet-0:1.12-11.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | lshw-0:B.02.16-4.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | netapp-manageability-sdk-0:4.0P1-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | open-vm-tools-0:9.2.3-5.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | postgresql92-0:1-12.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | postgresql92-postgresql-0:9.2.4-7.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | prince-0:9.0r2-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | pyliblzma-0:0.5.3-7.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-0:1-11.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-libyaml-0:0.1.4-5.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-ruby-0:1.9.3.448-38.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-actionmailer-1:3.2.13-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-actionpack-1:3.2.13-4.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-actionwebservice-1:3.1.0-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-activemodel-1:3.2.13-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-activerecord-1:3.2.13-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-activeresource-1:3.2.13-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-activesupport-1:3.2.13-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-acts_as_list-0:0.1.9-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-acts_as_tree-0:0.1.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-addressable-0:2.2.8-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-akami-0:1.2.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-american_date-0:1.0.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ancestry-0:1.2.5-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-arel-0:3.0.2-3.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-arrayfields-0:4.9.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-awesome_print-0:1.1.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-aws-sdk-0:1.11.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-bcrypt-ruby-0:3.0.1-7.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-binary_struct-0:1.0.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-brakeman-0:2.0.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-builder-0:3.0.0-3.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-bullet-0:4.6.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-bundler-0:1.3.5-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-bundler_ext-0:0.3.0-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-capybara-0:2.1.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-childprocess-0:0.3.9-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-chronic-0:0.3.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-churn-0:0.0.29-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-code_analyzer-0:0.3.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-color-0:1.4.1-4.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-colored-0:1.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-crack-0:0.3.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-daemons-0:1.1.9-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-dalli-0:2.2.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-default_value_for-0:1.0.7-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-diff-lcs-0:1.1.3-1.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-elif-0:0.1.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-erubis-0:2.7.0-4.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-eventmachine-0:1.0.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-excon-0:0.25.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ezcrypto-0:0.7-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-facade-0:1.0.5-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-factory_girl-0:4.1.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-fastercsv-0:1.5.5-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-fattr-0:2.2.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ffi-0:1.3.1-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-flay-0:2.3.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-flog-0:3.2.3-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-fog-0:1.14.0-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-formatador-0:0.2.4-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-gyoku-0:0.4.6-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-haml-0:4.0.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-haml-rails-0:0.4-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-handsoap-0:0.2.5-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-highline-0:1.6.19-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-hike-0:1.2.1-3.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-hirb-0:0.7.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-hmac-0:0.4.0-7.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-hoe-0:2.12.3-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-httparty-0:0.10.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-httpclient-0:2.2.7-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-httpi-0:1.1.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-i18n-0:0.6.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-inifile-0:2.0.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-io-extra-0:1.2.6-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-japgolly-Saikuro-0:1.1.1.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-journey-0:1.0.4-2.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-json-0:1.8.0-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-json_pure-0:1.8.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-libxml-ruby-0:2.2.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-linux_admin-0:0.5.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-little-plugger-0:1.1.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-log4r-0:1.1.8-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-logging-0:1.6.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-mail-0:2.5.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-main-0:4.7.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-map-0:6.5.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-metric_fu-0:3.0.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-mime-types-0:1.20.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-minitest-0:3.2.0-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-more_core_extensions-0:1.1.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-multi_json-0:1.7.7-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-multi_xml-0:0.5.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-net-http-persistent-0:2.7-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-net-ldap-0:0.2.20110317223538-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-net-ping-0:1.5.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-netrc-0:0.7.7-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-net-scp-0:1.1.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-net-sftp-0:2.0.5-7.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-net-ssh-0:2.6.5-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-nokogiri-0:1.5.6-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-nori-0:1.1.4-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-open4-0:1.3.0-4.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ovirt_metrics-0:1.0.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-parallel-0:0.5.21-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-pdf-writer-0:1.1.8-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-pg-0:0.12.2-5.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-Platform-0:0.4.0-4.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-polyglot-0:0.3.3-2.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-princely-0:1.2.6-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-progressbar-0:0.11.0-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-prototype-rails-0:3.2.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-qpid_messaging-0:0.20.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rack-1:1.4.5-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rack-cache-0:1.2-2.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rack-ssl-0:1.3.2-7.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rack-test-0:0.6.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rails-1:3.2.13-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rails_best_practices-0:1.13.8-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-railties-1:3.2.13-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rake-0:10.1.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rake-compiler-0:0.8.3-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rbovirt-0:0.0.17-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rbvmomi-0:1.2.3-4.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rdoc-0:3.12.2-4.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-reek-0:1.3.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ref-0:1.0.0-3.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rest-client-0:1.6.7-5.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-roodi-0:2.2.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rspec-0:2.12.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rspec-core-0:2.12.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rspec-expectations-0:2.12.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rspec-mocks-0:2.12.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rspec-rails-0:2.12.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ruby2ruby-0:2.0.6-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rubyforge-0:2.0.4-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ruby-graphviz-0:1.0.9-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ruby_parser-0:3.1.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ruby-plsql-0:0.4.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ruby-prof-0:0.13.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ruby-progressbar-0:0.0.10-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rubyrep-0:1.2.0-4.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rubywbem-0:0.1.0-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rubyzip-0:0.9.5-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rufus-lru-0:1.0.5-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-rufus-scheduler-0:2.0.19-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ruport-0:1.7.0-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-sass-0:3.1.20-3.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-savon-0:1.1.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-selenium-webdriver-0:2.32.1-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-sexp_processor-0:4.2.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-shindo-0:0.3.4-7.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-shoulda-matchers-0:1.0.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-simplecov-0:0.7.1-6.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-simplecov-html-0:0.7.1-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-simplecov-rcov-0:0.2.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-simplecov-rcov-text-0:0.0.2-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-simple-rss-0:1.2.3-8.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-slim-0:1.3.9-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-snmp-0:1.1.0-6.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-soap4r-0:1.6.0-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-sprockets-0:2.4.5-2.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-sqlite3-0:1.3.6-2.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-state_machine-0:1.1.2-8.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-syntax-0:1.0.0-8.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-temple-0:0.6.5-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-terminal-table-0:1.4.5-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-test-spec-0:0.10.0-7.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-test-unit-0:2.4.5-5.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-therubyracer-0:0.11.0-0.6.beta5.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-thin-0:1.3.1-5.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-thor-0:0.18.1-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-tilt-0:1.3.3-10.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-timecop-0:0.5.3-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-transaction-simple-0:1.4.0-5.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-treetop-0:1.4.10-6.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-trollop-0:1.16.2-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-tzinfo-0:0.3.33-2.el6 | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-uniform_notifier-0:1.2.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-uuidtools-0:2.1.3-3.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-vcr-0:2.4.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-wasabi-0:2.5.1-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-webmock-0:1.11.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-websocket-0:1.0.7-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-xml-simple-0:1.0.12-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-xpath-0:2.0.0-1.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-rubygem-ziya-0:2.3.0-2.el6cf | * |
CloudForms Management Engine 5.x | RedHat | ruby193-v8-1:3.14.5.10-1.1.el6 | * |
Such a scenario is commonly observed when:
In the generic exploit of session fixation vulnerabilities, an attacker creates a new session on a web application and records the associated session identifier. The attacker then causes the victim to associate, and possibly authenticate, against the server using that session identifier, giving the attacker access to the user’s account through the active session.