Vulnerabilities
Misconfiguration
Runtime Security
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CVE Vulnerabilities

CVE-2016-5385

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Published: Jul 19, 2016 | Modified: Feb 12, 2023
CVSS 3.x
8.1
HIGH
Source:
NVD
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 2.x
5.1 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
RedHat/V2
5 MODERATE
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N
RedHat/V3
5 MODERATE
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N
Ubuntu
MEDIUM
Additional information
NVDhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5385
CWEhttps://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/601.html

PHP through 7.0.8 does not attempt to address RFC 3875 section 4.1.18 namespace conflicts and therefore does not protect applications from the presence of untrusted client data in the HTTP_PROXY environment variable, which might allow remote attackers to redirect an applications outbound HTTP traffic to an arbitrary proxy server via a crafted Proxy header in an HTTP request, as demonstrated by (1) an application that makes a getenv(HTTP_PROXY) call or (2) a CGI configuration of PHP, aka an httpoxy issue.

Weakness

A web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a Redirect. This simplifies phishing attacks.

Affected Software

Name Vendor Start Version End Version
Communications_user_data_repository Oracle 10.0.0 (including) 10.0.0 (including)
Communications_user_data_repository Oracle 10.0.1 (including) 10.0.1 (including)
Communications_user_data_repository Oracle 12.0.0 (including) 12.0.0 (including)
Enterprise_manager_ops_center Oracle 12.2.2 (including) 12.2.2 (including)
Enterprise_manager_ops_center Oracle 12.3.2 (including) 12.3.2 (including)
Linux Oracle 6 (including) 6 (including)
Linux Oracle 7 (including) 7 (including)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 RedHat php-0:5.3.3-48.el6_8 *
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 RedHat php-0:5.4.16-36.3.el7_2 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 RedHat php54-php-0:5.4.40-4.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 RedHat php55-php-0:5.5.21-5.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 RedHat rh-php56-php-0:5.6.5-9.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6 EUS RedHat php54-php-0:5.4.40-4.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6 EUS RedHat php55-php-0:5.5.21-5.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6 EUS RedHat rh-php56-php-0:5.6.5-9.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.7 EUS RedHat php54-php-0:5.4.40-4.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.7 EUS RedHat php55-php-0:5.5.21-5.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.7 EUS RedHat rh-php56-php-0:5.6.5-9.el6 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 RedHat php54-php-0:5.4.40-4.el7 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 RedHat php55-php-0:5.5.21-5.el7 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 RedHat rh-php56-php-0:5.6.5-9.el7 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 EUS RedHat php54-php-0:5.4.40-4.el7 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 EUS RedHat php55-php-0:5.5.21-5.el7 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 EUS RedHat rh-php56-php-0:5.6.5-9.el7 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 EUS RedHat php54-php-0:5.4.40-4.el7 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 EUS RedHat php55-php-0:5.5.21-5.el7 *
Red Hat Software Collections for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 EUS RedHat rh-php56-php-0:5.6.5-9.el7 *
Php5 Ubuntu precise *
Php5 Ubuntu trusty *
Php5 Ubuntu wily *
Php7.0 Ubuntu devel *
Php7.0 Ubuntu upstream *
Php7.0 Ubuntu xenial *

Potential Mitigations

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an “accept known good” input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, “boat” may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as “red” or “blue.”
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code’s environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to “/login.asp” and ID 2 could map to “http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.

References

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