CVE Vulnerabilities

CVE-2018-4311

Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor

Published: Apr 03, 2019 | Modified: Nov 21, 2024
CVSS 3.x
8.1
HIGH
Source:
NVD
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
CVSS 2.x
5.8 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N
RedHat/V2
RedHat/V3
Ubuntu
MEDIUM

The issue was addressed by removing origin information. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 12, watchOS 5, Safari 12, iTunes 12.9 for Windows, iCloud for Windows 7.7.

Weakness

The product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information.

Affected Software

Name Vendor Start Version End Version
Safari Apple * 12 (excluding)
Iphone_os Apple * 12.0 (excluding)
Watchos Apple * 5.0 (excluding)
Qtwebkit Ubuntu eoan *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu bionic *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu cosmic *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu devel *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu disco *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu eoan *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu esm-apps/bionic *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu esm-apps/focal *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu esm-apps/jammy *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu esm-apps/noble *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu esm-infra/xenial *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu focal *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu groovy *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu hirsute *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu impish *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu jammy *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu kinetic *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu lunar *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu mantic *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu noble *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu trusty *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu upstream *
Qtwebkit-opensource-src Ubuntu xenial *
Qtwebkit-source Ubuntu bionic *
Qtwebkit-source Ubuntu cosmic *
Qtwebkit-source Ubuntu disco *
Qtwebkit-source Ubuntu esm-apps/bionic *
Qtwebkit-source Ubuntu esm-apps/xenial *
Qtwebkit-source Ubuntu trusty *
Qtwebkit-source Ubuntu xenial *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu bionic *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu cosmic *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu devel *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu disco *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu eoan *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu esm-infra/xenial *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu focal *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu groovy *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu hirsute *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu impish *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu jammy *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu kinetic *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu lunar *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu mantic *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu noble *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu upstream *
Webkit2gtk Ubuntu xenial *
Webkitgtk Ubuntu bionic *
Webkitgtk Ubuntu cosmic *
Webkitgtk Ubuntu esm-apps/bionic *
Webkitgtk Ubuntu esm-apps/xenial *
Webkitgtk Ubuntu trusty *
Webkitgtk Ubuntu xenial *

Extended Description

There are many different kinds of mistakes that introduce information exposures. The severity of the error can range widely, depending on the context in which the product operates, the type of sensitive information that is revealed, and the benefits it may provide to an attacker. Some kinds of sensitive information include:

Information might be sensitive to different parties, each of which may have their own expectations for whether the information should be protected. These parties include:

Information exposures can occur in different ways:

It is common practice to describe any loss of confidentiality as an “information exposure,” but this can lead to overuse of CWE-200 in CWE mapping. From the CWE perspective, loss of confidentiality is a technical impact that can arise from dozens of different weaknesses, such as insecure file permissions or out-of-bounds read. CWE-200 and its lower-level descendants are intended to cover the mistakes that occur in behaviors that explicitly manage, store, transfer, or cleanse sensitive information.

Potential Mitigations

  • Compartmentalize the system to have “safe” areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.

References