CVE Vulnerabilities

CVE-2022-49402

Published: Feb 26, 2025 | Modified: Oct 21, 2025
CVSS 3.x
5.5
MEDIUM
Source:
NVD
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS 2.x
RedHat/V2
RedHat/V3
4.4 LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Ubuntu
MEDIUM
root.io logo minimus.io logo echo.ai logo

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ftrace: Clean up hash direct_functions on register failures

We see the following GPF when register_ftrace_direct fails:

[ ] general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x200000000000010: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC PTI […] [ ] RIP: 0010:ftrace_find_rec_direct+0x53/0x70 [ ] Code: 48 c1 e0 03 48 03 42 08 48 8b 10 31 c0 48 85 d2 74 […] [ ] RSP: 0018:ffffc9000138bc10 EFLAGS: 00010206 [ ] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffffff813e0df0 RCX: 000000000000003b [ ] RDX: 0200000000000000 RSI: 000000000000000c RDI: ffffffff813e0df0 [ ] RBP: ffffffffa00a3000 R08: ffffffff81180ce0 R09: 0000000000000001 [ ] R10: ffffc9000138bc18 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffffffff813e0df0 [ ] R13: ffffffff813e0df0 R14: ffff888171b56400 R15: 0000000000000000 [ ] FS: 00007fa9420c7780(0000) GS:ffff888ff6a00000(0000) knlGS:000000000 [ ] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ ] CR2: 000000000770d000 CR3: 0000000107d50003 CR4: 0000000000370ee0 [ ] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 [ ] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 [ ] Call Trace: [ ] [ ] register_ftrace_direct+0x54/0x290 [ ] ? render_sigset_t+0xa0/0xa0 [ ] bpf_trampoline_update+0x3f5/0x4a0 [ ] ? 0xffffffffa00a3000 [ ] bpf_trampoline_link_prog+0xa9/0x140 [ ] bpf_tracing_prog_attach+0x1dc/0x450 [ ] bpf_raw_tracepoint_open+0x9a/0x1e0 [ ] ? find_held_lock+0x2d/0x90 [ ] ? lock_release+0x150/0x430 [ ] __sys_bpf+0xbd6/0x2700 [ ] ? lock_is_held_type+0xd8/0x130 [ ] __x64_sys_bpf+0x1c/0x20 [ ] do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x80 [ ] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae [ ] RIP: 0033:0x7fa9421defa9 [ ] Code: 00 c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 9 f8 […] [ ] RSP: 002b:00007ffed743bd78 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000141 [ ] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00000000069d2480 RCX: 00007fa9421defa9 [ ] RDX: 0000000000000078 RSI: 00007ffed743bd80 RDI: 0000000000000011 [ ] RBP: 00007ffed743be00 R08: 0000000000bb7270 R09: 0000000000000000 [ ] R10: 00000000069da210 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000001 [ ] R13: 00007ffed743c4b0 R14: 00000000069d2480 R15: 0000000000000001 [ ] [ ] Modules linked in: klp_vm(OK) [ ] —[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]—

One way to trigger this is:

  1. load a livepatch that patches kernel function xxx;
  2. run bpftrace -e kfunc:xxx {}, this will fail (expected for now);
  3. repeat #2 => gpf.

This is because the entry is added to direct_functions, but not removed. Fix this by remove the entry from direct_functions when register_ftrace_direct fails.

Also remove the last trailing space from ftrace.c, so we dont have to worry about it anymore.

Affected Software

NameVendorStart VersionEnd Version
Linux_kernelLinux5.5 (including)5.10.121 (excluding)
Linux_kernelLinux5.11 (including)5.15.46 (excluding)
Linux_kernelLinux5.16 (including)5.17.14 (excluding)
Linux_kernelLinux5.18 (including)5.18.3 (excluding)
LinuxUbuntujammy*
LinuxUbuntuupstream*
Linux-allwinner-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-allwinner-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-awsUbuntujammy*
Linux-awsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.0Ubuntubionic*
Linux-aws-5.0Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-aws-5.0Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-aws-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-aws-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-aws-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-aws-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-aws-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-aws-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-aws-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.3Ubuntubionic*
Linux-aws-5.3Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-aws-5.3Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-aws-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-aws-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-aws-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-aws-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-fipsUbuntutrusty*
Linux-aws-fipsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-fipsUbuntuxenial*
Linux-aws-hweUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azureUbuntubionic*
Linux-azureUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-azureUbuntujammy*
Linux-azureUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-4.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-azure-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-azure-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-azure-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.3Ubuntubionic*
Linux-azure-5.3Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-azure-5.3Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-azure-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-edgeUbuntubionic*
Linux-azure-edgeUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-azure-edgeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fdeUbuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-fdeUbuntufocal*
Linux-azure-fdeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fde-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fde-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-fde-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fde-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-fde-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fipsUbuntutrusty*
Linux-azure-fipsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fipsUbuntuxenial*
Linux-bluefieldUbuntuupstream*
Linux-fipsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gcpUbuntubionic*
Linux-gcpUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gcpUbuntujammy*
Linux-gcpUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-4.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gcp-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gcp-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gcp-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gcp-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gcp-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gcp-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-gcp-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.3Ubuntubionic*
Linux-gcp-5.3Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gcp-5.3Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gcp-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gcp-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-gcp-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-gcp-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-fipsUbuntutrusty*
Linux-gcp-fipsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-fipsUbuntuxenial*
Linux-gkeUbuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gkeUbuntufocal*
Linux-gkeUbuntujammy*
Linux-gkeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gkeUbuntuxenial*
Linux-gke-4.15Ubuntubionic*
Linux-gke-4.15Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gke-4.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gke-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gke-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gke-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gke-5.4Ubuntubionic*
Linux-gke-5.4Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gke-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gkeopUbuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gkeopUbuntufocal*
Linux-gkeopUbuntujammy*
Linux-gkeopUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gkeop-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gkeop-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gkeop-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gkeop-5.4Ubuntubionic*
Linux-gkeop-5.4Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gkeop-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hweUbuntubionic*
Linux-hweUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-hweUbuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-hwe-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-hwe-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-hwe-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-hwe-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-hwe-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-hwe-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-hwe-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-hwe-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-hwe-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-hwe-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-hwe-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntubionic*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntuesm-infra/xenial*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntuxenial*
Linux-ibmUbuntujammy*
Linux-ibmUbuntuupstream*
Linux-ibm-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-ibm-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-intelUbuntuupstream*
Linux-intel-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-intel-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-intel-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-intel-iot-realtimeUbuntujammy*
Linux-intel-iot-realtimeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-intel-iotgUbuntujammy*
Linux-intel-iotgUbuntuupstream*
Linux-intel-iotg-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-intel-iotg-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-intel-iotg-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-iotUbuntuupstream*
Linux-kvmUbuntujammy*
Linux-kvmUbuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatencyUbuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatencyUbuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lts-xenialUbuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidiaUbuntujammy*
Linux-nvidiaUbuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-nvidia-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-nvidia-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-tegraUbuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-tegra-igxUbuntuupstream*
Linux-oemUbuntubionic*
Linux-oemUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-oemUbuntuupstream*
Linux-oemUbuntuxenial*
Linux-oem-5.10Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oem-5.10Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oem-5.10Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oem-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oem-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-5.14Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oem-5.14Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oem-5.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-5.17Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oem-5.17Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-5.6Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oem-5.6Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oem-5.6Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.0Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oem-6.0Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.1Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oem-6.1Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oem-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracleUbuntujammy*
Linux-oracleUbuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.0Ubuntubionic*
Linux-oracle-5.0Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-oracle-5.0Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oracle-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oracle-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oracle-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oracle-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oracle-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oracle-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.3Ubuntubionic*
Linux-oracle-5.3Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-oracle-5.3Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oracle-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oracle-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oracle-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-raspiUbuntujammy*
Linux-raspiUbuntuupstream*
Linux-raspi-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-raspi-realtimeUbuntunoble*
Linux-raspi-realtimeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntubionic*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntufocal*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntuxenial*
Linux-realtimeUbuntujammy*
Linux-realtimeUbunturealtime/jammy*
Linux-realtimeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-riscvUbuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-riscvUbuntufocal*
Linux-riscvUbuntujammy*
Linux-riscvUbuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-riscv-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-riscv-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-riscv-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-riscv-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-riscv-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-riscv-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-riscv-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-riscv-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-starfive-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-starfive-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-starfive-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-starfive-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-starfive-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-starfive-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-xilinx-zynqmpUbuntuupstream*

References