A vulnerability in the implementation of the IPv4 Virtual Fragmentation Reassembly (VFR) feature of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper reassembly of large packets that occurs when VFR is enabled on either a tunnel interface or on a physical interface that is configured with a maximum transmission unit (MTU) greater than 4,615 bytes. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending fragmented packets through a VFR-enabled interface on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition.
Referencing memory after it has been freed can cause a program to crash, use unexpected values, or execute code.
| Name | Vendor | Start Version | End Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.9.0as (including) | 3.9.0as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.9.1s (including) | 3.9.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.9.2s (including) | 3.9.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.0s (including) | 3.10.0s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.1s (including) | 3.10.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.2as (including) | 3.10.2as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.2s (including) | 3.10.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.2ts (including) | 3.10.2ts (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.3s (including) | 3.10.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.4s (including) | 3.10.4s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.5s (including) | 3.10.5s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.6s (including) | 3.10.6s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.7s (including) | 3.10.7s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.8as (including) | 3.10.8as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.8s (including) | 3.10.8s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.9s (including) | 3.10.9s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.10.10s (including) | 3.10.10s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.11.0s (including) | 3.11.0s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.11.1s (including) | 3.11.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.11.2s (including) | 3.11.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.11.3s (including) | 3.11.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.11.4s (including) | 3.11.4s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.12.0s (including) | 3.12.0s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.12.1s (including) | 3.12.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.12.2s (including) | 3.12.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.12.3s (including) | 3.12.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.12.4s (including) | 3.12.4s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.0s (including) | 3.13.0s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.1s (including) | 3.13.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.2s (including) | 3.13.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.3s (including) | 3.13.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.4s (including) | 3.13.4s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.5s (including) | 3.13.5s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.6as (including) | 3.13.6as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.6s (including) | 3.13.6s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.7s (including) | 3.13.7s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.8s (including) | 3.13.8s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.9s (including) | 3.13.9s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.13.10s (including) | 3.13.10s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.14.0s (including) | 3.14.0s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.14.1s (including) | 3.14.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.14.2s (including) | 3.14.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.14.3s (including) | 3.14.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.14.4s (including) | 3.14.4s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.15.0s (including) | 3.15.0s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.15.1cs (including) | 3.15.1cs (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.15.1s (including) | 3.15.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.15.2s (including) | 3.15.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.15.3s (including) | 3.15.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.15.4s (including) | 3.15.4s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.0cs (including) | 3.16.0cs (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.0s (including) | 3.16.0s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.1as (including) | 3.16.1as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.2s (including) | 3.16.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.3s (including) | 3.16.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.4as (including) | 3.16.4as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.4bs (including) | 3.16.4bs (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.4cs (including) | 3.16.4cs (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.4ds (including) | 3.16.4ds (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.4es (including) | 3.16.4es (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.4gs (including) | 3.16.4gs (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.5as (including) | 3.16.5as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.5bs (including) | 3.16.5bs (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.5s (including) | 3.16.5s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.6bs (including) | 3.16.6bs (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.6s (including) | 3.16.6s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.7as (including) | 3.16.7as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.7bs (including) | 3.16.7bs (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.7s (including) | 3.16.7s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.8s (including) | 3.16.8s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.9s (including) | 3.16.9s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.16.10s (including) | 3.16.10s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.17.0s (including) | 3.17.0s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.17.1s (including) | 3.17.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.17.2s (including) | 3.17.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.17.3s (including) | 3.17.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.17.4s (including) | 3.17.4s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.18.0as (including) | 3.18.0as (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 3.18.2asp (including) | 3.18.2asp (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.2.1 (including) | 16.2.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.2.2 (including) | 16.2.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.1 (including) | 16.3.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.1a (including) | 16.3.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.2 (including) | 16.3.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.3 (including) | 16.3.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.4 (including) | 16.3.4 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.5 (including) | 16.3.5 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.6 (including) | 16.3.6 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.7 (including) | 16.3.7 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.8 (including) | 16.3.8 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.9 (including) | 16.3.9 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.10 (including) | 16.3.10 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.3.11 (including) | 16.3.11 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.4.1 (including) | 16.4.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.4.2 (including) | 16.4.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.4.3 (including) | 16.4.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.5.1 (including) | 16.5.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.5.1b (including) | 16.5.1b (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.5.2 (including) | 16.5.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.5.3 (including) | 16.5.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.1 (including) | 16.6.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.2 (including) | 16.6.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.3 (including) | 16.6.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.4 (including) | 16.6.4 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.4s (including) | 16.6.4s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.5 (including) | 16.6.5 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.6 (including) | 16.6.6 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.7 (including) | 16.6.7 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.8 (including) | 16.6.8 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.9 (including) | 16.6.9 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.6.10 (including) | 16.6.10 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.7.1 (including) | 16.7.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.7.2 (including) | 16.7.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.7.3 (including) | 16.7.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.8.1 (including) | 16.8.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.8.1s (including) | 16.8.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.8.2 (including) | 16.8.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.8.3 (including) | 16.8.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.1 (including) | 16.9.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.1s (including) | 16.9.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.2 (including) | 16.9.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.2s (including) | 16.9.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.3 (including) | 16.9.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.3s (including) | 16.9.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.4 (including) | 16.9.4 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.5 (including) | 16.9.5 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.6 (including) | 16.9.6 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.7 (including) | 16.9.7 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.8 (including) | 16.9.8 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.8a (including) | 16.9.8a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.9.8c (including) | 16.9.8c (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.10.1 (including) | 16.10.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.10.1a (including) | 16.10.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.10.1b (including) | 16.10.1b (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.10.1e (including) | 16.10.1e (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.10.1s (including) | 16.10.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.10.2 (including) | 16.10.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.10.3 (including) | 16.10.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.11.1 (including) | 16.11.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.11.1a (including) | 16.11.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.11.1c (including) | 16.11.1c (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.11.1s (including) | 16.11.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.11.2 (including) | 16.11.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.1 (including) | 16.12.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.1a (including) | 16.12.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.1c (including) | 16.12.1c (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.1s (including) | 16.12.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.2 (including) | 16.12.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.2s (including) | 16.12.2s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.2t (including) | 16.12.2t (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.3 (including) | 16.12.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.3s (including) | 16.12.3s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.4 (including) | 16.12.4 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.5 (including) | 16.12.5 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.6 (including) | 16.12.6 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.7 (including) | 16.12.7 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 16.12.8 (including) | 16.12.8 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.1.1 (including) | 17.1.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.1.1s (including) | 17.1.1s (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.1.1t (including) | 17.1.1t (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.1.2 (including) | 17.1.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.1.3 (including) | 17.1.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.2.1 (including) | 17.2.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.2.1r (including) | 17.2.1r (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.2.1v (including) | 17.2.1v (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.2.2 (including) | 17.2.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.2.3 (including) | 17.2.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.3.1 (including) | 17.3.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.3.1a (including) | 17.3.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.3.2 (including) | 17.3.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.3.3 (including) | 17.3.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.3.4 (including) | 17.3.4 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.3.4a (including) | 17.3.4a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.3.5 (including) | 17.3.5 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.4.1 (including) | 17.4.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.4.1a (including) | 17.4.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.4.1b (including) | 17.4.1b (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.4.2 (including) | 17.4.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.5.1 (including) | 17.5.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.5.1a (including) | 17.5.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.6.1 (including) | 17.6.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.6.1a (including) | 17.6.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.6.2 (including) | 17.6.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.6.3 (including) | 17.6.3 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.6.3a (including) | 17.6.3a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.7.1 (including) | 17.7.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.7.1a (including) | 17.7.1a (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.7.2 (including) | 17.7.2 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.8.1 (including) | 17.8.1 (including) |
| Ios_xe | Cisco | 17.8.1a (including) | 17.8.1a (including) |
The use of previously-freed memory can have any number of adverse consequences, ranging from the corruption of valid data to the execution of arbitrary code, depending on the instantiation and timing of the flaw. The simplest way data corruption may occur involves the system’s reuse of the freed memory. Use-after-free errors have two common and sometimes overlapping causes:
In this scenario, the memory in question is allocated to another pointer validly at some point after it has been freed. The original pointer to the freed memory is used again and points to somewhere within the new allocation. As the data is changed, it corrupts the validly used memory; this induces undefined behavior in the process. If the newly allocated data happens to hold a class, in C++ for example, various function pointers may be scattered within the heap data. If one of these function pointers is overwritten with an address to valid shellcode, execution of arbitrary code can be achieved.