A flaw was found in glibc. In an extremely rare situation, the getaddrinfo function may access memory that has been freed, resulting in an application crash. This issue is only exploitable when a NSS module implements only the nss_gethostbyname2_r and nss_getcanonname_r hooks without implementing the nss*_gethostbyname3_r hook. The resolved name should return a large number of IPv6 and IPv4, and the call to the getaddrinfo function should have the AF_INET6 address family with AI_CANONNAME, AI_ALL and AI_V4MAPPED as flags.
Referencing memory after it has been freed can cause a program to crash, use unexpected values, or execute code.
| Name | Vendor | Start Version | End Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glibc | Gnu | 2.33 (including) | 2.33 (including) |
| Eglibc | Ubuntu | trusty | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | bionic | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | devel | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | esm-infra/bionic | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | esm-infra/xenial | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | focal | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | jammy | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | lunar | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | mantic | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | noble | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | oracular | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | trusty | * |
| Glibc | Ubuntu | xenial | * |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | RedHat | glibc-0:2.28-225.el8_8.6 | * |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | RedHat | glibc-0:2.28-225.el8_8.6 | * |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support | RedHat | glibc-0:2.28-189.8.el8_6 | * |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | RedHat | glibc-0:2.34-60.el9_2.7 | * |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | RedHat | glibc-0:2.34-60.el9_2.7 | * |
| Red Hat Virtualization 4 for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | RedHat | glibc-0:2.28-189.8.el8_6 | * |
The use of previously-freed memory can have any number of adverse consequences, ranging from the corruption of valid data to the execution of arbitrary code, depending on the instantiation and timing of the flaw. The simplest way data corruption may occur involves the system’s reuse of the freed memory. Use-after-free errors have two common and sometimes overlapping causes:
In this scenario, the memory in question is allocated to another pointer validly at some point after it has been freed. The original pointer to the freed memory is used again and points to somewhere within the new allocation. As the data is changed, it corrupts the validly used memory; this induces undefined behavior in the process. If the newly allocated data happens to hold a class, in C++ for example, various function pointers may be scattered within the heap data. If one of these function pointers is overwritten with an address to valid shellcode, execution of arbitrary code can be achieved.