A flaw was found in Keycloak. This issue may allow an attacker to steal authorization codes or tokens from clients using a wildcard in the JARM response mode form_post.jwt which could be used to bypass the security patch implemented to address CVE-2023-6134.
Weakness
A web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a Redirect. This simplifies phishing attacks.
Affected Software
| Name |
Vendor |
Start Version |
End Version |
| Keycloak |
Redhat |
- (including) |
- (including) |
| Red Hat build of Keycloak 22 |
RedHat |
rhbk/keycloak-rhel9:22-7 |
* |
| Red Hat build of Keycloak 22.0.8 |
RedHat |
keycloak-core |
* |
| Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
RedHat |
keycloak-core |
* |
| Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7 |
RedHat |
rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.11-3.redhat_00001.1.el7sso |
* |
| Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7 |
RedHat |
rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.12-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso |
* |
| Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 8 |
RedHat |
rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.11-3.redhat_00001.1.el8sso |
* |
| Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 8 |
RedHat |
rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.12-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso |
* |
| Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 9 |
RedHat |
rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.11-3.redhat_00001.1.el9sso |
* |
| Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 9 |
RedHat |
rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.12-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso |
* |
| RHEL-8 based Middleware Containers |
RedHat |
rh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8:7.6-39 |
* |
| RHEL-8 based Middleware Containers |
RedHat |
rh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8:7.6-41 |
* |
| Single Sign-On 7.6.6 |
RedHat |
keycloak-core |
* |
Potential Mitigations
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an “accept known good” input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, “boat” may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as “red” or “blue.”
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code’s environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to “/login.asp” and ID 2 could map to “http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
References