A security flaw involving hard-coded credentials in LevelOne WBR-6012s web services allows attackers to gain unauthorized access during the first 30 seconds post-boot. Other vulnerabilities can force a reboot, circumventing the initial time restriction for exploitation.The backdoor string can be found at address 0x80100910
80100910 40 6d 21 74 ds @m!t2K1
32 4b 31 00
It is referenced by the function located at 0x800b78b0 and is used as shown in the pseudocode below:
if ((SECOND_FROM_BOOT_TIME < 300) &&
(is_equal = strcmp(password,@m!t2K1)) {
return 1;}
Where 1 is the return value to admin-level access (0 being fail and 3 being user).
Weakness
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
Affected Software
| Name |
Vendor |
Start Version |
End Version |
| Wbr-6012_firmware |
Level1 |
r0.40e6 (including) |
r0.40e6 (including) |
Extended Description
There are two main variations:
Potential Mitigations
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
References