CVE-2024-3661

DHCP can add routes to a client’s routing table via the classless static route option (121). VPN-based security solutions that rely on routes to redirect traffic can be forced to leak traffic over the physical interface. An attacker on the same local network can read, disrupt, or possibly modify network traffic that was expected to be protected by the VPN.

Weakness

The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.

Affected Software

Extended Description

As data is migrated to the cloud, if access does not require authentication, it can be easier for attackers to access the data from anywhere on the Internet.

Potential Mitigations

• Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
• Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
• In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
• Where possible, avoid implementing custom authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These may make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
• In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
• Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
• For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].

Related Attack Patterns

• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/12.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/166.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/216.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/36.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/62.html

References

• https://arstechnica.com/security/2024/05/novel-attack-against-virtually-all-vpn-apps-neuters-their-entire-purpose/
• https://bst.cisco.com/quickview/bug/CSCwk05814
• https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2131#section-7
• https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3442#section-7
• https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-170
• https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/263721377
• https://krebsonsecurity.com/2024/05/why-your-vpn-may-not-be-as-secure-as-it-claims/
• https://lowendtalk.com/discussion/188857/a-rogue-dhcp-server-within-your-network-can-and-will-hijack-your-vpn-traffic
• https://mullvad.net/en/blog/evaluating-the-impact-of-tunnelvision
• https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000139553
• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40279632
• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40284111
• https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2024-3661
• https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX677069/cloud-software-group-security-advisory-for-cve20243661
• https://tunnelvisionbug.com/
• https://www.agwa.name/blog/post/hardening_openvpn_for_def_con
• https://www.leviathansecurity.com/research/tunnelvision
• https://www.theregister.com/2024/05/07/vpn_tunnelvision_dhcp/
• https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2024-00009
• https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/cve-2024-3661-k-tunnelvision-exposes-vpn-bypass-vulnerability
• https://arstechnica.com/security/2024/05/novel-attack-against-virtually-all-vpn-apps-neuters-their-entire-purpose/
• https://bst.cisco.com/quickview/bug/CSCwk05814
• https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2131#section-7
• https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3442#section-7
• https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-170
• https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/263721377
• https://krebsonsecurity.com/2024/05/why-your-vpn-may-not-be-as-secure-as-it-claims/
• https://lowendtalk.com/discussion/188857/a-rogue-dhcp-server-within-your-network-can-and-will-hijack-your-vpn-traffic
• https://mullvad.net/en/blog/evaluating-the-impact-of-tunnelvision
• https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000139553
• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40279632
• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40284111
• https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2024-3661
• https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX677069/cloud-software-group-security-advisory-for-cve20243661
• https://tunnelvisionbug.com/
• https://www.agwa.name/blog/post/hardening_openvpn_for_def_con
• https://www.leviathansecurity.com/research/tunnelvision
• https://www.theregister.com/2024/05/07/vpn_tunnelvision_dhcp/
• https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2024-00009
• https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/cve-2024-3661-k-tunnelvision-exposes-vpn-bypass-vulnerability