CVE-2024-45003

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

vfs: Dont evict inode under the inode lru traversing context

The inode reclaiming process(See function prune_icache_sb) collects all reclaimable inodes and mark them with I_FREEING flag at first, at that time, other processes will be stuck if they try getting these inodes (See function find_inode_fast), then the reclaiming process destroy the inodes by function dispose_list(). Some filesystems(eg. ext4 with ea_inode feature, ubifs with xattr) may do inode lookup in the inode evicting callback function, if the inode lookup is operated under the inode lru traversing context, deadlock problems may happen.

Case 1: In function ext4_evict_inode(), the ea inode lookup could happen if ea_inode feature is enabled, the lookup process will be stuck under the evicting context like this:

1. File A has inode i_reg and an ea inode i_ea

2. getfattr(A, xattr_buf) // i_ea is added into lru // lru->i_ea

3. Then, following three processes running like this:

   PA PB echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches shrink_slab prune_dcache_sb // i_reg is added into lru, lru->i_ea->i_reg prune_icache_sb list_lru_walk_one inode_lru_isolate i_ea->i_state |= I_FREEING // set inode state inode_lru_isolate __iget(i_reg) spin_unlock(&i_reg->i_lock) spin_unlock(lru_lock) rm file A i_reg->nlink = 0 iput(i_reg) // i_reg->nlink is 0, do evict ext4_evict_inode ext4_xattr_delete_inode ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all ext4_xattr_inode_iget ext4_iget(i_ea->i_ino) iget_locked find_inode_fast __wait_on_freeing_inode(i_ea) —-→ AA deadlock dispose_list // cannot be executed by prune_icache_sb wake_up_bit(&i_ea->i_state)

Case 2: In deleted inode writing function ubifs_jnl_write_inode(), file deleting process holds BASEHDs wbuf->io_mutex while getting the xattr inode, which could race with inode reclaiming process(The reclaiming process could try locking BASEHDs wbuf->io_mutex in inode evicting function), then an ABBA deadlock problem would happen as following:

1. File A has inode ia and a xattr(with inode ixa), regular file B has inode ib and a xattr.

2. getfattr(A, xattr_buf) // ixa is added into lru // lru->ixa

3. Then, following three processes running like this:

   PA                PB                        PC
           echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
            shrink_slab
             prune_dcache_sb
             // ib and ia are added into lru, lru->ixa->ib->ia
             prune_icache_sb
              list_lru_walk_one
               inode_lru_isolate
                ixa->i_state |= I_FREEING // set inode state
               inode_lru_isolate
                __iget(ib)
                spin_unlock(&ib->i_lock)
                spin_unlock(lru_lock)
                                              rm file B
                                               ib->nlink = 0
   

rm file A iput(ia) ubifs_evict_inode(ia) ubifs_jnl_delete_inode(ia) ubifs_jnl_write_inode(ia) make_reservation(BASEHD) // Lock wbuf->io_mutex ubifs_iget(ixa->i_ino) iget_locked find_inode_fast __wait_on_freeing_inode(ixa) | iput(ib) // ib->nlink is 0, do evict | ubifs_evict_inode | ubifs_jnl_delete_inode(ib) ↓ ubifs_jnl_write_inode ABBA deadlock ←—–make_reservation(BASEHD) dispose_list // cannot be executed by prune_icache_sb wake_up_bit(&ixa->i_state)

Fix the possible deadlock by using new inode state flag I_LRU_ISOLATING to pin the inode in memory while inode_lru_isolate( —truncated—

Weakness

The product does not properly acquire or release a lock on a resource, leading to unexpected resource state changes and behaviors.

Affected Software

Extended Description

Locking is a type of synchronization behavior that ensures that multiple independently-operating processes or threads do not interfere with each other when accessing the same resource. All processes/threads are expected to follow the same steps for locking. If these steps are not followed precisely - or if no locking is done at all - then another process/thread could modify the shared resource in a way that is not visible or predictable to the original process. This can lead to data or memory corruption, denial of service, etc.

Potential Mitigations

Related Attack Patterns

• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/25.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/26.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/27.html

References

• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/03880af02a78bc9a98b5a581f529cf709c88a9b8
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2a0629834cd82f05d424bbc193374f9a43d1f87d
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3525ad25240dfdd8c78f3470911ed10aa727aa72
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/437741eba63bf4e437e2beb5583f8633556a2b98
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9063ab49c11e9518a3f2352434bb276cc8134c5f
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b9bda5f6012dd00372f3a06a82ed8971a4c57c32
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cda54ec82c0f9d05393242b20b13f69b083f7e88