Vulnerabilities
Misconfiguration
Compliance
CVE Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-14523

Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

Published: Dec 11, 2025 | Modified: Jan 29, 2026
CVSS 3.x
N/A
Source:
NVD
CVSS 2.x
RedHat/V2
RedHat/V3
8.2 IMPORTANT
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
Ubuntu
MEDIUM
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Additional information
NVDhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14523
CWEhttps://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/444.html

A flaw in libsoup’s HTTP header handling allows multiple Host: headers in a request and returns the last occurrence for server-side processing. Common front proxies often honor the first Host: header, so this mismatch can cause vhost confusion where a proxy routes a request to one backend but the backend interprets it as destined for another host. This discrepancy enables request-smuggling style attacks, cache poisoning, or bypassing host-based access controls when an attacker supplies duplicate Host headers.

Weakness

The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.

Affected Software

NameVendorStart VersionEnd Version
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10RedHatlibsoup3-0:3.6.5-3.el10_1.8*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update SupportRedHatlibsoup3-0:3.6.5-3.el10_0.11*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle SupportRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.2-10.el7_9*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8RedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-11.el8_10*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8RedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_10.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8RedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-11.el8_10*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update SupportRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-1.el8_2.7*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update SupportRedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_2.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-2.el8_4.7*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportRedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_4.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-OnRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-2.el8_4.7*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-OnRedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_4.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-2.el8_6.7*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update SupportRedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_6.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update ServiceRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-2.el8_6.7*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update ServiceRedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_6.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP SolutionsRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-2.el8_6.7*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP SolutionsRedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_6.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update ServiceRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-3.el8_8.7*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update ServiceRedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_8.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP SolutionsRedHatlibsoup-0:2.62.3-3.el8_8.7*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP SolutionsRedHatspice-client-win-0:8.10-6.el8_8.1*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9RedHatlibsoup-0:2.72.0-12.el9_7.3*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP SolutionsRedHatlibsoup-0:2.72.0-8.el9_0.8*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP SolutionsRedHatlibsoup-0:2.72.0-8.el9_2.8*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update SupportRedHatlibsoup-0:2.72.0-8.el9_4.8*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update SupportRedHatlibsoup-0:2.72.0-10.el9_6.5*
Libsoup2.4Ubuntuplucky*
Libsoup3Ubuntuplucky*

Extended Description

HTTP requests or responses (“messages”) can be malformed or unexpected in ways that cause web servers or clients to interpret the messages in different ways than intermediary HTTP agents such as load balancers, reverse proxies, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc. For example, an adversary may be able to add duplicate or different header fields that a client or server might interpret as one set of messages, whereas the intermediary might interpret the same sequence of bytes as a different set of messages. For example, discrepancies can arise in how to handle duplicate headers like two Transfer-encoding (TE) or two Content-length (CL), or the malicious HTTP message will have different headers for TE and CL. The inconsistent parsing and interpretation of messages can allow the adversary to “smuggle” a message to the client/server without the intermediary being aware of it. This weakness is usually the result of the usage of outdated or incompatible HTTP protocol versions in the HTTP agents.

Potential Mitigations

References

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