CVE-2025-21578

Vulnerability in Oracle Secure Backup (component: General). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.0.1, 12.1.0.2, 12.1.0.3, 18.1.0.0, 18.1.0.1 and 18.1.0.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Secure Backup executes to compromise Oracle Secure Backup. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Secure Backup. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.7 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Weakness

The product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors.

Affected Software

Potential Mitigations

• Run the code in a “jail” or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
• OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
• This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
• Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.

Related Attack Patterns

• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/122.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/127.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/17.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/180.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/206.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/234.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/60.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/61.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/62.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/642.html

References

• https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2025.html