CVE Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-21732

Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

Published: Feb 27, 2025 | Modified: Oct 28, 2025
CVSS 3.x
4.7
MEDIUM
Source:
NVD
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS 2.x
RedHat/V2
RedHat/V3
5.5 MODERATE
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Ubuntu
MEDIUM
root.io logo minimus.io logo echo.ai logo

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RDMA/mlx5: Fix a race for an ODP MR which leads to CQE with error

This patch addresses a race condition for an ODP MR that can result in a CQE with an error on the UMR QP.

During the __mlx5_ib_dereg_mr() flow, the following sequence of calls occurs:

mlx5_revoke_mr() mlx5r_umr_revoke_mr() mlx5r_umr_post_send_wait()

At this point, the lkey is freed from the hardwares perspective.

However, concurrently, mlx5_ib_invalidate_range() might be triggered by another task attempting to invalidate a range for the same freed lkey.

This task will:

  • Acquire the umem_odp->umem_mutex lock.
  • Call mlx5r_umr_update_xlt() on the UMR QP.
  • Since the lkey has already been freed, this can lead to a CQE error, causing the UMR QP to enter an error state [1].

To resolve this race condition, the umem_odp->umem_mutex lock is now also acquired as part of the mlx5_revoke_mr() scope. Upon successful revoke, we set umem_odp->private which points to that MR to NULL, preventing any further invalidation attempts on its lkey.

[1] From dmesg:

infiniband rocep8s0f0: dump_cqe:277:(pid 0): WC error: 6, Message: memory bind operation error cqe_dump: 00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 cqe_dump: 00000010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 cqe_dump: 00000020: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 cqe_dump: 00000030: 00 00 00 00 08 00 78 06 25 00 11 b9 00 0e dd d2

WARNING: CPU: 15 PID: 1506 at drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/umr.c:394 mlx5r_umr_post_send_wait+0x15a/0x2b0 [mlx5_ib] Modules linked in: ip6table_mangle ip6table_natip6table_filter ip6_tables iptable_mangle xt_conntrack xt_MASQUERADE nf_conntrack_netlink nfnetlink xt_addrtype iptable_nat nf_nat br_netfilter rpcsec_gss_krb5 auth_rpcgss oid_registry overlay rpcrdma rdma_ucm ib_iser libiscsi scsi_transport_iscsi rdma_cm iw_cm ib_umad ib_ipoib ib_cm mlx5_ib ib_uverbs ib_core fuse mlx5_core CPU: 15 UID: 0 PID: 1506 Comm: ibv_rc_pingpong Not tainted 6.12.0-rc7+ #1626 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:mlx5r_umr_post_send_wait+0x15a/0x2b0 [mlx5_ib] [..] Call Trace: mlx5r_umr_update_xlt+0x23c/0x3e0 [mlx5_ib] mlx5_ib_invalidate_range+0x2e1/0x330 [mlx5_ib] __mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start+0x1e1/0x240 zap_page_range_single+0xf1/0x1a0 madvise_vma_behavior+0x677/0x6e0 do_madvise+0x1a2/0x4b0 __x64_sys_madvise+0x25/0x30 do_syscall_64+0x6b/0x140 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

Weakness

The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.

Affected Software

NameVendorStart VersionEnd Version
Linux_kernelLinux5.13 (including)6.12.14 (excluding)
Linux_kernelLinux6.13 (including)6.13.3 (excluding)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10RedHatkernel-0:6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1*
LinuxUbuntujammy*
LinuxUbuntunoble*
LinuxUbuntuoracular*
LinuxUbuntuupstream*
Linux-allwinner-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-allwinner-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-awsUbuntujammy*
Linux-awsUbuntunoble*
Linux-awsUbuntuoracular*
Linux-awsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.0Ubuntubionic*
Linux-aws-5.0Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-aws-5.0Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-aws-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-aws-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-aws-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-aws-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-aws-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-aws-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-aws-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.3Ubuntubionic*
Linux-aws-5.3Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-aws-5.3Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-aws-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-aws-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-aws-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-aws-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-aws-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-fipsUbuntufips-preview/jammy*
Linux-aws-fipsUbuntufips-updates/jammy*
Linux-aws-fipsUbuntutrusty*
Linux-aws-fipsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-aws-fipsUbuntuxenial*
Linux-aws-hweUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azureUbuntubionic*
Linux-azureUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-azureUbuntujammy*
Linux-azureUbuntunoble*
Linux-azureUbuntuoracular*
Linux-azureUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-4.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-azure-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-azure-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-azure-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.3Ubuntubionic*
Linux-azure-5.3Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-azure-5.3Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-azure-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-6.11Ubuntunoble*
Linux-azure-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-edgeUbuntubionic*
Linux-azure-edgeUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-azure-edgeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fdeUbuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-azure-fdeUbuntufocal*
Linux-azure-fdeUbuntujammy*
Linux-azure-fdeUbuntuplucky*
Linux-azure-fdeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fde-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fde-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-fde-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fde-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fde-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-azure-fde-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fde-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fipsUbuntufips-preview/jammy*
Linux-azure-fipsUbuntufips-updates/jammy*
Linux-azure-fipsUbuntutrusty*
Linux-azure-fipsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-fipsUbuntuxenial*
Linux-azure-nvidiaUbuntunoble*
Linux-azure-nvidiaUbuntuupstream*
Linux-azure-nvidia-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-bluefieldUbuntubluefield/jammy*
Linux-bluefieldUbuntuupstream*
Linux-fipsUbuntufips-preview/jammy*
Linux-fipsUbuntufips-updates/jammy*
Linux-fipsUbuntufips-updates/noble*
Linux-fipsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gcpUbuntubionic*
Linux-gcpUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gcpUbuntujammy*
Linux-gcpUbuntunoble*
Linux-gcpUbuntuoracular*
Linux-gcpUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-4.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gcp-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gcp-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gcp-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gcp-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gcp-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gcp-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-gcp-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.3Ubuntubionic*
Linux-gcp-5.3Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gcp-5.3Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gcp-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gcp-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-6.11Ubuntunoble*
Linux-gcp-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-gcp-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-gcp-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-gcp-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-fipsUbuntufips-preview/jammy*
Linux-gcp-fipsUbuntufips-updates/jammy*
Linux-gcp-fipsUbuntutrusty*
Linux-gcp-fipsUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gcp-fipsUbuntuxenial*
Linux-gkeUbuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gkeUbuntufocal*
Linux-gkeUbuntujammy*
Linux-gkeUbuntunoble*
Linux-gkeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gkeUbuntuxenial*
Linux-gke-4.15Ubuntubionic*
Linux-gke-4.15Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gke-4.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gke-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gke-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gke-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gke-5.4Ubuntubionic*
Linux-gke-5.4Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gke-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gkeopUbuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gkeopUbuntufocal*
Linux-gkeopUbuntujammy*
Linux-gkeopUbuntunoble*
Linux-gkeopUbuntuupstream*
Linux-gkeop-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-gkeop-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-gkeop-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-gkeop-5.4Ubuntubionic*
Linux-gkeop-5.4Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-gkeop-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hweUbuntubionic*
Linux-hweUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-hweUbuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-hwe-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-hwe-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-hwe-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-hwe-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-hwe-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-hwe-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-hwe-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-hwe-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-hwe-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.11Ubuntunoble*
Linux-hwe-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-hwe-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-hwe-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-hwe-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntubionic*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntuesm-infra/xenial*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-hwe-edgeUbuntuxenial*
Linux-ibmUbuntujammy*
Linux-ibmUbuntunoble*
Linux-ibmUbuntuupstream*
Linux-ibm-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-ibm-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-ibm-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-ibm-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-ibm-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-ibm-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-intelUbuntuupstream*
Linux-intel-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-intel-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-intel-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-intel-iot-realtimeUbuntujammy*
Linux-intel-iot-realtimeUbunturealtime/jammy*
Linux-intel-iot-realtimeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-intel-iotgUbuntujammy*
Linux-intel-iotgUbuntuupstream*
Linux-intel-iotg-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-intel-iotg-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-intel-iotg-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-iotUbuntuupstream*
Linux-kvmUbuntujammy*
Linux-kvmUbuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatencyUbuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatencyUbuntunoble*
Linux-lowlatencyUbuntuoracular*
Linux-lowlatencyUbuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Ubuntunoble*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-lts-xenialUbuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidiaUbuntujammy*
Linux-nvidiaUbuntunoble*
Linux-nvidiaUbuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-6.11Ubuntunoble*
Linux-nvidia-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-nvidia-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-nvidia-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-nvidia-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntunoble*
Linux-nvidia-lowlatencyUbuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-tegraUbuntujammy*
Linux-nvidia-tegraUbuntunoble*
Linux-nvidia-tegraUbuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-nvidia-tegra-igxUbuntujammy*
Linux-nvidia-tegra-igxUbuntuupstream*
Linux-oemUbuntubionic*
Linux-oemUbuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-oemUbuntuupstream*
Linux-oemUbuntuxenial*
Linux-oem-5.10Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oem-5.10Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oem-5.10Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oem-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oem-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-5.14Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oem-5.14Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oem-5.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-5.17Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oem-5.17Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-5.6Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oem-5.6Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oem-5.6Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.0Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oem-6.0Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.1Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oem-6.1Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.11Ubuntunoble*
Linux-oem-6.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.17Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oem-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oem-6.8Ubuntunoble*
Linux-oem-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracleUbuntujammy*
Linux-oracleUbuntunoble*
Linux-oracleUbuntuoracular*
Linux-oracleUbuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.0Ubuntubionic*
Linux-oracle-5.0Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-oracle-5.0Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oracle-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oracle-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.13Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oracle-5.13Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oracle-5.13Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oracle-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oracle-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.3Ubuntubionic*
Linux-oracle-5.3Ubuntuesm-infra/bionic*
Linux-oracle-5.3Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-oracle-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-oracle-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oracle-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-oracle-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-oracle-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-raspiUbuntujammy*
Linux-raspiUbuntunoble*
Linux-raspiUbuntuoracular*
Linux-raspiUbuntuupstream*
Linux-raspi-5.4Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-raspi-realtimeUbuntunoble*
Linux-raspi-realtimeUbunturealtime/noble*
Linux-raspi-realtimeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntubionic*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntufocal*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-raspi2Ubuntuxenial*
Linux-realtimeUbuntujammy*
Linux-realtimeUbuntunoble*
Linux-realtimeUbuntuoracular*
Linux-realtimeUbunturealtime/jammy*
Linux-realtimeUbunturealtime/noble*
Linux-realtimeUbuntuupstream*
Linux-realtime-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-realtime-6.8Ubunturealtime/jammy*
Linux-realtime-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscvUbuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-riscvUbuntufocal*
Linux-riscvUbuntujammy*
Linux-riscvUbuntunoble*
Linux-riscvUbuntuoracular*
Linux-riscvUbuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-5.11Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-riscv-5.11Ubuntufocal*
Linux-riscv-5.11Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-5.15Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-riscv-5.15Ubuntufocal*
Linux-riscv-5.15Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-riscv-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-5.8Ubuntuesm-infra/focal*
Linux-riscv-5.8Ubuntufocal*
Linux-riscv-5.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-6.14Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-riscv-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-riscv-6.8Ubuntujammy*
Linux-riscv-6.8Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-starfive-5.19Ubuntujammy*
Linux-starfive-5.19Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-starfive-6.2Ubuntujammy*
Linux-starfive-6.2Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-starfive-6.5Ubuntujammy*
Linux-starfive-6.5Ubuntuupstream*
Linux-xilinxUbuntunoble*
Linux-xilinxUbuntuupstream*
Linux-xilinx-zynqmpUbuntujammy*
Linux-xilinx-zynqmpUbuntuupstream*

Extended Description

A race condition occurs within concurrent environments, and it is effectively a property of a code sequence. Depending on the context, a code sequence may be in the form of a function call, a small number of instructions, a series of program invocations, etc. A race condition violates these properties, which are closely related:

A race condition exists when an “interfering code sequence” can still access the shared resource, violating exclusivity. The interfering code sequence could be “trusted” or “untrusted.” A trusted interfering code sequence occurs within the product; it cannot be modified by the attacker, and it can only be invoked indirectly. An untrusted interfering code sequence can be authored directly by the attacker, and typically it is external to the vulnerable product.

Potential Mitigations

  • Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
  • Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).

References