CVE-2025-22035

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching

Kairui reported a UAF issue in print_graph_function_flags() during ftrace stress testing [1]. This issue can be reproduced if puting a mdelay(10) after mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock) in s_start(), and executing the following script:

$ echo function_graph > current_tracer $ cat trace > /dev/null & $ sleep 5 # Ensure the cat reaches the mdelay(10) point $ echo timerlat > current_tracer

The root cause lies in the two calls to print_graph_function_flags within print_trace_line during each s_show():

• One through iter->trace->print_line();
• Another through event->funcs->trace(), which is hidden in print_trace_fmt() before print_trace_line returns.

Tracer switching only updates the former, while the latter continues to use the print_line function of the old tracer, which in the script above is print_graph_function_flags.

Moreover, when switching from the function_graph tracer to the timerlat tracer, s_start only calls graph_trace_close of the function_graph tracer to free iter->private, but does not set it to NULL. This provides an opportunity for event->funcs->trace() to use an invalid iter->private.

To fix this issue, set iter->private to NULL immediately after freeing it in graph_trace_close(), ensuring that an invalid pointer is not passed to other tracers. Additionally, clean up the unnecessary iter->private = NULL during each cat trace when using wakeup and irqsoff tracers.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20231112150030.84609-1-ryncsn@gmail.com/

Affected Software

References

• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/099ef3385800828b74933a96c117574637c3fb3a
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42561fe62c3628ea3bc9623f64f047605e98857f
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/70be951bc01e4a0e10d443f3510bb17426f257fb
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7f81f27b1093e4895e87b74143c59c055c3b1906
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/81a85b12132c8ffe98f5ddbdc185481790aeaa1b
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2cce54c1748216535dda02e185d07a084be837e
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c85efe6e13743cac6ba4ccf144cb91f44c86231a
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de7b309139f862a44379ecd96e93c9133c69f813
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f14752d66056d0c7bffe5092130409417d3baa70