An XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability exists in the Ambari/Oozie
project, allowing an attacker to inject malicious XML entities. This
vulnerability occurs due to insecure parsing of XML input using the
DocumentBuilderFactory class without disabling external entity
resolution. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to read arbitrary
files on the server or perform server-side request forgery (SSRF)
attacks. The issue has been fixed in both Ambari 2.7.9 and the trunk
branch.
The product processes an XML document that can contain XML entities with URIs that resolve to documents outside of the intended sphere of control, causing the product to embed incorrect documents into its output.
XML documents optionally contain a Document Type Definition (DTD), which, among other features, enables the definition of XML entities. It is possible to define an entity by providing a substitution string in the form of a URI. The XML parser can access the contents of this URI and embed these contents back into the XML document for further processing. By submitting an XML file that defines an external entity with a file:// URI, an attacker can cause the processing application to read the contents of a local file. For example, a URI such as “file:///c:/winnt/win.ini” designates (in Windows) the file C:\Winnt\win.ini, or file:///etc/passwd designates the password file in Unix-based systems. Using URIs with other schemes such as http://, the attacker can force the application to make outgoing requests to servers that the attacker cannot reach directly, which can be used to bypass firewall restrictions or hide the source of attacks such as port scanning. Once the content of the URI is read, it is fed back into the application that is processing the XML. This application may echo back the data (e.g. in an error message), thereby exposing the file contents.