CVE-2025-31206

A type confusion issue was addressed with improved state handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.5, tvOS 18.5, iPadOS 17.7.7, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5, macOS Sequoia 15.5, visionOS 2.5, Safari 18.5. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected Safari crash.

Weakness

The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.

Affected Software

Extended Description

When the product accesses the resource using an incompatible type, this could trigger logical errors because the resource does not have expected properties. In languages without memory safety, such as C and C++, type confusion can lead to out-of-bounds memory access. While this weakness is frequently associated with unions when parsing data with many different embedded object types in C, it can be present in any application that can interpret the same variable or memory location in multiple ways. This weakness is not unique to C and C++. For example, errors in PHP applications can be triggered by providing array parameters when scalars are expected, or vice versa. Languages such as Perl, which perform automatic conversion of a variable of one type when it is accessed as if it were another type, can also contain these issues.

References

• https://support.apple.com/en-us/122404
• https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405
• https://support.apple.com/en-us/122716
• https://support.apple.com/en-us/122719
• https://support.apple.com/en-us/122720
• https://support.apple.com/en-us/122721
• https://support.apple.com/en-us/122722
• http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/May/10
• http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/May/12
• http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/May/13
• http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/May/5
• http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/May/6
• http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/May/7
• https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/06/msg00016.html