CVE-2025-3909

Thunderbirds handling of the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header can be exploited to execute JavaScript in the file:/// context. By crafting a nested email attachment (message/rfc822) and setting its content type to application/pdf, Thunderbird may incorrectly render it as HTML when opened, allowing the embedded JavaScript to run without requiring a file download. This behavior relies on Thunderbird auto-saving the attachment to /tmp and linking to it via the file:/// protocol, potentially enabling JavaScript execution as part of the HTML. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 128.10.1 and Thunderbird < 138.0.1.

Weakness

This attack-focused weakness is caused by incorrectly implemented authentication schemes that are subject to spoofing attacks.

Affected Software

Related Attack Patterns

• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/21.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/22.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/459.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/461.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/473.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/476.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/59.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/60.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/667.html
• https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/94.html

References

• https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1958376
• https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-34/
• https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-35/