CVE Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-46560

Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Published: Apr 30, 2025 | Modified: May 28, 2025
CVSS 3.x
7.5
HIGH
Source:
NVD
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS 2.x
RedHat/V2
RedHat/V3
6.5 MODERATE
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Ubuntu

vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Versions starting from 0.8.0 and prior to 0.8.5 are affected by a critical performance vulnerability in the input preprocessing logic of the multimodal tokenizer. The code dynamically replaces placeholder tokens (e.g., <|audio_|>, <|image_|>) with repeated tokens based on precomputed lengths. Due to ​​inefficient list concatenation operations​​, the algorithm exhibits ​​quadratic time complexity (O(n²))​​, allowing malicious actors to trigger resource exhaustion via specially crafted inputs. This issue has been patched in version 0.8.5.

Weakness

The product uses a regular expression with an inefficient, possibly exponential worst-case computational complexity that consumes excessive CPU cycles.

Affected Software

Name Vendor Start Version End Version
Vllm Vllm 0.8.0 (including) 0.8.5 (excluding)

Extended Description

	  Attackers can create crafted inputs that
	  intentionally cause the regular expression to use
	  excessive backtracking in a way that causes the CPU
	  consumption to spike.

Potential Mitigations

References