A clickjacking vulnerability exists in the web portal of Juniper Networks Paragon Automation (Pathfinder, Planner, Insights) due to the applications failure to set appropriate X-Frame-Options and X-Content-Type HTTP headers. This vulnerability allows an attacker to trick users into interacting with the interface under the attackers control.
This issue affects all versions of Paragon Automation (Pathfinder, Planner, Insights) before 24.1.1.
Weakness
The web application does not restrict or incorrectly restricts frame objects or UI layers that belong to another application or domain, which can lead to user confusion about which interface the user is interacting with.
Affected Software
| Name | Vendor | Start Version | End Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paragon_automation | Juniper | * | 24.1.1 (excluding) |
Potential Mitigations
- The use of X-Frame-Options allows developers of web content to restrict the usage of their application within the form of overlays, frames, or iFrames. The developer can indicate from which domains can frame the content.
- The concept of X-Frame-Options is well documented, but implementation of this protection mechanism is in development to cover gaps. There is a need for allowing frames from multiple domains.
- A developer can use a “frame-breaker” script in each page that should not be framed. This is very helpful for legacy browsers that do not support X-Frame-Options security feature previously mentioned.
- It is also important to note that this tactic has been circumvented or bypassed. Improper usage of frames can persist in the web application through nested frames. The “frame-breaking” script does not intuitively account for multiple nested frames that can be presented to the user.
Related Attack Patterns
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/103.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/181.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/222.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/504.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/506.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/587.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/654.html