python-jose thru 3.3.0 allows JWT tokens with alg=none to be decoded and accepted without any cryptographic signature verification. A malicious actor can craft a forged token with arbitrary claims (e.g., is_admin=true) and bypass authentication checks, leading to privilege escalation or unauthorized access in applications that rely on python-jose for token validation. This issue is exploitable unless developers explicitly reject alg=none tokens, which is not enforced by the library. NOTE: all parties agree that the issue is not relevant because it only occurs in a verify_signature: False situation.
The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.