CVE Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-61748

Improper Access Control

Published: Oct 21, 2025 | Modified: Oct 28, 2025
CVSS 3.x
N/A
Source:
NVD
CVSS 2.x
RedHat/V2
RedHat/V3
3.7 MODERATE
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Ubuntu
MEDIUM

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Libraries). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 21.0.8 and 25; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 21.0.8; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.15. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

Weakness

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

Affected Software

Name Vendor Start Version End Version
Graalvm Oracle 21.3.15 (including) 21.3.15 (including)
Graalvm_for_jdk Oracle 21.0.8 (including) 21.0.8 (including)
Jdk Oracle 21.0.8 (including) 21.0.8 (including)
Jdk Oracle 25 (including) 25 (including)
Jre Oracle 21.0.8 (including) 21.0.8 (including)
Jre Oracle 25 (including) 25 (including)
Red Hat Build of OpenJDK 21.0.9 RedHat java-21-openjdk-portable *
Red Hat Build of OpenJDK 21.0.9 RedHat java-21-openjdk-windows *
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 RedHat java-21-openjdk-1:21.0.9.0.10-1.el10 *
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 RedHat java-21-openjdk-1:21.0.9.0.10-1.el8 *
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 RedHat java-21-openjdk-1:21.0.9.0.10-1.el9 *
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support RedHat java-21-openjdk-1:21.0.9.0.10-1.el9 *
Openjdk-13 Ubuntu esm-apps/focal *
Openjdk-16 Ubuntu esm-apps/focal *
Openjdk-18 Ubuntu jammy *
Openjdk-19 Ubuntu jammy *
Openjdk-9 Ubuntu esm-apps/xenial *

Extended Description

Access control involves the use of several protection mechanisms such as:

When any mechanism is not applied or otherwise fails, attackers can compromise the security of the product by gaining privileges, reading sensitive information, executing commands, evading detection, etc. There are two distinct behaviors that can introduce access control weaknesses:

Potential Mitigations

  • Compartmentalize the system to have “safe” areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.

References