CVE Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-61881

Improper Access Control

Published: Oct 21, 2025 | Modified: Oct 24, 2025
CVSS 3.x
N/A
Source:
NVD
CVSS 2.x
RedHat/V2
RedHat/V3
Ubuntu

Vulnerability in the Java VM component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 19.3-19.28, 21.3-21.19 and 23.4-23.9. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via Oracle Net to compromise Java VM. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Java VM accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.9 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

Weakness

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

Affected Software

Name Vendor Start Version End Version
Java_virtual_machine Oracle 19.3 (including) 19.28 (including)
Java_virtual_machine Oracle 21.3 (including) 21.19 (including)
Java_virtual_machine Oracle 23.4 (including) 23.9 (including)

Extended Description

Access control involves the use of several protection mechanisms such as:

When any mechanism is not applied or otherwise fails, attackers can compromise the security of the product by gaining privileges, reading sensitive information, executing commands, evading detection, etc. There are two distinct behaviors that can introduce access control weaknesses:

Potential Mitigations

  • Compartmentalize the system to have “safe” areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.

References