An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in the Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) when ndis.sys fails to check the length of a buffer prior to copying memory to it. To exploit the vulnerability, in a local attack scenario, an attacker could run a specially crafted application to elevate the attackers privilege level. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could run processes in an elevated context. However, an attacker must first gain access to the local system with the ability to execute a malicious application in order to exploit this vulnerability. The security update addresses the vulnerability by changing how ndis.sys validates buffer length.
Weakness
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Affected Software
| Name | Vendor | Start Version | End Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| Windows_10_1607 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.14393.9612 (excluding) |
| Windows_10_1809 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.17763.9376 (excluding) |
| Windows_10_21h2 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.19044.7807 (excluding) |
| Windows_10_22h2 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.19045.7807 (excluding) |
| Windows_11_23h2 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.22631.7652 (excluding) |
| Windows_11_24h2 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.26100.9711 (excluding) |
| Windows_11_25h2 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.26200.9711 (excluding) |
| Windows_11_26h1 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.28000.3231 (excluding) |
| Windows_11_26h2 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.26300.9711 (excluding) |
| Windows_server_2012 | Microsoft | - (including) | - (including) |
| Windows_server_2012 | Microsoft | r2 (including) | r2 (including) |
| Windows_server_2016 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.14393.9612 (excluding) |
| Windows_server_2019 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.17763.9376 (excluding) |
| Windows_server_2022 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.20348.5761 (excluding) |
| Windows_server_2025 | Microsoft | * | 10.0.26100.33650 (excluding) |
Potential Mitigations
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an “accept known good” input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, “boat” may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as “red” or “blue.”
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code’s environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.