A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the @opennextjs/cloudflare package, resulting from a path normalization bypass in the /cdn-cgi/image/ handler.The @opennextjs/cloudflare worker template includes a /cdn-cgi/image/ handler intended for development use only. In production, Cloudflares edge intercepts /cdn-cgi/image/ requests before they reach the Worker. However, by substituting a backslash for a forward slash (/cdn-cgiimage/ instead of /cdn-cgi/image/), an attacker can bypass edge interception and have the request reach the Worker directly. The JavaScript URL class then normalizes the backslash to a forward slash, causing the request to match the handler and trigger an unvalidated fetch of arbitrary remote URLs.
For example:
https://victim-site.com/cdn-cgiimage/aaaa/https://attacker.com
In this example, attacker-controlled content from attacker.com is served through the victim sites domain (victim-site.com), violating the same-origin policy and potentially misleading users or other services.
Note: This bypass only works via HTTP clients that preserve backslashes in paths (e.g., curl –path-as-is). Browsers normalize backslashes to forward slashes before sending requests.
Additionally, Cloudflare Workers with Assets and Cloudflare Pages suffer from a similar vulnerability. Assets stored under /cdn-cgi/ paths are not publicly accessible under normal conditions. However, using the same backslash bypass (/cdn-cgi… instead of /cdn-cgi/…), these assets become publicly accessible. This could be used to retrieve private data. For example, Open Next projects store incremental cache data under /cdn-cgi/_next_cache, which could be exposed via this bypass.
Weakness
The product uses a name or reference to access a resource, but the name/reference resolves to a resource that is outside of the intended control sphere.
Affected Software
| Name | Vendor | Start Version | End Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opennext_for_cloudflare | Opennextjs | * | 1.17.1 (excluding) |
Related Attack Patterns
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/159.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/177.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/48.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/641.html