Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. In versions 12.0.0 through 15.5.20 and 16.0.0 through 16.2.10, Next.js applications using App Router, Server Actions (use server) or use cache endpoints can be disclosed bypassing any authentication on the pages where these endpoints are usually used. Server Action IDs can be disclosed to unauthenticated users via publicly served client artifacts (for example, static chunks containing action references). Affected users are applications using App Router and Server Actions. By itself, this disclosure is typically a recon/enumeration primitive; however, it can increase risk when combined with other weaknesses. This issue has been fixed in versions 15.5.21 and 16.2.11.
Weakness
The code transmits data to another actor, but a portion of the data includes sensitive information that should not be accessible to that actor.
Affected Software
| Name | Vendor | Start Version | End Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| Next.js | Vercel | 13.0.0 (including) | 15.5.21 (excluding) |
| Next.js | Vercel | 16.0.0 (including) | 16.2.11 (excluding) |
Potential Mitigations
- Compartmentalize the system to have “safe” areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
Related Attack Patterns
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/12.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/217.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/612.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/613.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/618.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/619.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/621.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/622.html
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/623.html
References
- https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/1b0c3ae912a3ad925c60065cc8d55b070fa8bcd3
- https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/ff12a6124e1504f17b62de948b8a553fdecaef7b
- https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v15.5.21
- https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v16.2.11
- https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-955p-x3mx-jcvp